DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. OpenTenBase vs. TimesTen vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. OpenTenBase vs. TimesTen vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

An enterprise-level distributed HTAP open source database based on PostgreSQL

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/OpenTenBase/OpenTenBase
www.opentenbase.org

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.opentenbase.org
docs.opentenbase.org/en

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

4D, Inc

Cockroach Labs

OpenAtom Foundation, previously Tencent

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

1998

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

2.5, January 2024

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

BSD-3

commercial

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
Go
Java
PHP
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

Cockroach Labs Deepens Partnership with Google Cloud, CockroachDB Selected to Join Google Distributed Cloud
9 April 2024, PR Newswire

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14 February 2024, InfoQ.com

How to Unlock Real-Time Data Streams with CockroachDB and Amazon MSK | Amazon Web Services
6 November 2023, AWS Blog

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29 January 2024, The Register

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