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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. mSQL

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. mSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldhughestech.com.au/­products/­msql
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsGoogleGoogleHughes Technologies
Initial release19842015201120141994
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 20241.23, February 20212.1.12, February 20174.4, October 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree licenses can be provided
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++JavaScriptC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggers
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScriptC
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononono
TriggersyesnonoUsing read-only observersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTnonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnonono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBLevelDBLovefieldmSQL infoMini SQL
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