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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. IBM Db2 vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score2.95
Rank#100  Overall
#17  Document stores
#17  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.html
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsIBMOracle8Kdata
Initial release198420151983 infohost version20112016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 202312.1, October 201623.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptionalyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesno
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)no
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infooff heap cache
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Oracle NoSQLToroDB
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