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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Hive vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score62.59
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comhive.apache.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Home
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by Facebook8Kdata
Initial release1984201520122016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 20233.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemayesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduce
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTselectable replication factorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBHiveToroDB
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