DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Heroic vs. Milvus vs. Percona Server for MongoDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Heroic vs. Milvus vs. Percona Server for MongoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

A drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	0.52
Rank	#254	Overall
	#39	Document stores

Website

www.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/spotify/heroic

milvus.io

www.percona.com/mongodb/software/percona-server-for-mongodb

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

spotify.github.io/heroic

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.percona.com/percona-distribution-for-mongodb

Developer

4D, Inc

Cockroach Labs

Spotify

Percona

Initial release

1984

2015

2014

2019

2015

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

2.3.4, January 2024

3.4.10-2.10, November 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

via In-Memory Engine

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more

Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more

Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

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