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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsGoogleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release1984201520151998
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBGoogle Cloud BigtableTimesTen
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