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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Ehcache vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Ehcache vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonEhcache  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage optionsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.10
Rank#58  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score5.23
Rank#68  Overall
#8  Key-value stores
Score1.83
Rank#141  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.ehcache.orgwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.ehcache.org/­documentationdocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsTerracotta Inc, owned by Software AG8Kdata
Initial release19842015200920172016
Current releasev20, April 202323.1.1, May 20233.10.0, March 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCJCacheGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
JavaC++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes
Triggersyesnoyes infoCache Event Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infoby using Terracotta ServerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoby using Terracotta ServerSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyTunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyes infosupports JTA and can work as an XA resourceACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing a tiered cache-storage approachyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlnoRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBEhcacheTigerGraphToroDB
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