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DBMS > 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. CockroachDB vs. Datastax Enterprise vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatastax Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.DataStax Enterprise (DSE) is the always-on, scalable data platform built on Apache Cassandra and designed for hybrid Cloud. DSE integrates graph, search, analytics, administration, developer tooling, and monitoring into a unified platform.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score5.80
Rank#60  Overall
#4  Wide column stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.datastax.com/­products/­datastax-enterprisegithub.com/­torodb/­servertypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdocs.datastax.comtypedb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCockroach LabsDataStax8KdataVaticle
Initial release19842015201120162016
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 20246.8, April 20202.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Datastax Astra DB: Astra DB simplifies cloud-native Cassandra application development for your apps, microservices and functions. Deploy in minutes on AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, and have it managed for you by the experts, with serverless, pay-as-you-go pricing.
Implementation languageGoJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
All OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL); Spark SQLno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language)
TinkerPop Gremlin infowith DSE Graph
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonono
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTconfigurable replication factor, datacenter aware, advanced replication for edge computingSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Tunable Consistency infoconsistency level can be individually decided with each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole-based access controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBDatastax EnterpriseToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsDataStax Enterprise is scale-out data infrastructure for enterprises that need to...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesSupporting the following application requirements: Zero downtime - Built on Apache...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosApplications that must be massively and linearly scalable with 100% uptime and able...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersCapital One, Cisco, Comcast, eBay, McDonald's, Microsoft, Safeway, Sony, UBS, and...
» more
Market metricsAmong the Forbes 100 Most Innovative Companies, DataStax is trusted by 5 of the top...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAnnual subscription
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCockroachDBDatastax EnterpriseToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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