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DBMS > 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#274  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
google.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apidocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncCloudflareCodenotaryGoogle
Initial release1984201820202014
Current releasev20, April 20231.2.3, April 20222.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like syntaxSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonono
TriggersyesnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsno

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCloudflare Workers KVImmudbLovefield
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