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DBMS > 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. H2 vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.32
Rank#283  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apiwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncCloudflareThomas MuellerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release1984201820052019
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
JavaClojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCloudflare Workers KVH2XTDB infoformerly named Crux
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