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DBMS > 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Industry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.32
Rank#283  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvcloud.google.com/­spanneross.oetiker.ch/­rrdtooltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apicloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doctrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncCloudflareGoogleTobias OetikerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842018201719992014
Current releasev20, April 20231.8.0, 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedHP-UX
Linux
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCloudflare Workers KVGoogle Cloud SpannerRRDtoolTrafodion
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