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DBMS > 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCloudflare Workers KV  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A relational database management system that stores data in columnsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.68
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.39
Rank#278  Overall
#39  Key-value stores
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.cloudflare.com/­developer-platform/­workers-kvcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.monetdb.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdevelopers.cloudflare.com/­kv/­apicloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.monetdb.org/­Documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Developer4D, IncCloudflareGoogleMonetDB BVApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release19842018201720042014
Current releasev20, April 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++, Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
hostedhostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes, in SQL, C, RJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCloudflare Workers KVGoogle Cloud SpannerMonetDBTrafodion
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