DBMS > 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. CouchDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ClickHouse vs. CouchDB vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.

Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	8.30
Rank	#47	Overall
	#7	Document stores

Score	2.10
Rank	#119	Overall
	#57	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

clickhouse.com

couchdb.apache.org

www.percona.com/software/mysql-database/percona-server

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

clickhouse.com/docs

docs.couchdb.org/en/stable

www.percona.com/downloads/Percona-Server-LATEST

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Clickhouse Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer

Percona

Initial release

1984

2016

2005

2008

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

3.3.3, December 2023

8.0.36-28, 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Erlang

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

key based and custom

Sharding

improved architecture with release 2.0

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

strategy: optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

Role-based access control

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