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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Prometheus vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Prometheus vs. Riak KV vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparisonSpaceTime  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemDistributed, fault tolerant key-value storeSpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexesSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score8.42
Rank#47  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comprometheus.iowww.mireo.com/­spacetime
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comprometheus.io/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
Developer4D, IncOpenSource, formerly Basho TechnologiesMireo
Initial release19842010201520092020
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20183.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise editioncommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoErlangC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlynoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnorestrictedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
C#
C++
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noErlangno
Triggersyesyesnoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Fixed-grid hypercubes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby Federationselectable replication factorReal-time block device replication (DRBD)
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnono infolinks between data sets can be storedno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes, using Riak Securityyes

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