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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
Developer4D, IncGoogleDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release1984201020112018
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.23, February 202111.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access control

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusLevelDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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