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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. Titan vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. Titan vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.05
Rank#355  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikiwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
Developer4D, IncCodenotaryAurelius, owned by DataStaxTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release19842010202020121987
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.2.3, April 2022Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0commercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntaxnoyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyesyes
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serverfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusImmudbTitanTransbase
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Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, blogs.microsoft.com

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
24 January 2019, GeekWire

Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

Citus Data Announces Citus Cloud Database Support for HIPAA and SOC 2 Type 2 Compliance
13 November 2018, Business Wire

provided by Google News

immudb (immutable database) ‘tamper-proof’ database
14 December 2021, ComputerWeekly.com

A Step by Step Guide to immudb — the open source immutable database
18 May 2020, hackernoon.com

Codenotary brings its immutable database to the cloud
21 June 2023, TechCrunch

Codenotary Uses Immutable Database to Verify Software Artifacts
26 October 2021, DevOps.com

Storage news ticker – November 15
15 November 2021, Blocks & Files

provided by Google News

Amazon DynamoDB Storage Backend for Titan: Distributed Graph Database
24 August 2015, AWS Blog

DSE Graph review: Graph database does double duty
14 November 2019, InfoWorld

Beyond Titan: The Evolution of DataStax’s New Graph Database
21 June 2016, Datanami

Database Deep Dives: JanusGraph
8 August 2019, IBM

TigerGraph, a graph database born to roar
19 September 2017, ZDNet

provided by Google News



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