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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. ObjectBox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. H2 vs. HBase vs. ObjectBox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHBase  Xexclude from comparisonObjectBox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTableLightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeObject oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMSTime Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score27.97
Rank#26  Overall
#2  Wide column stores
Score1.29
Rank#166  Overall
#5  Object oriented DBMS
#7  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comwww.h2database.comhbase.apache.orggithub.com/­objectbox
objectbox.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlhbase.apache.org/­book.htmldocs.objectbox.io
Developer4D, IncThomas MuellerApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by PowersetObjectBox Limited
Initial release19842010200520082017
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20182.2.220, July 20232.3.4, January 20214.0 (May 2024)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2Bindings are released under Apache 2.0 infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
Windows infousing Cygwin
Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesoptions to bring your own types, AVROyes, plus "flex" map-like types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaC
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes infoCoprocessors in Javano
Triggersyesyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDSingle row ACID (across millions of columns)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABACyes
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusH2HBaseObjectBox
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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusH2HBaseObjectBox
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