DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.citusdata.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.citusdata.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

1984

2010

2017

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.1, December 2018

3.4, August 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

yes, with Cloud Functions

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Using Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.