DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. FileMaker vs. SingleStore vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. FileMaker vs. SingleStore vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

FileMaker is a cross-platform RDBMS that includes a GUI frontend.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	48.20
Rank	#20	Overall
	#14	Relational DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

www.citusdata.com

www.claris.com/filemaker

www.singlestore.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.citusdata.com

www.claris.com/resources/documentation

docs.singlestore.com

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Claris

a subsidiary of Apple

SingleStore Inc.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

1984

2010

1983

2013

2014

Current release

v20, April 2023

8.1, December 2018

19.4.1, November 2021

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C++, Go

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

iOS

client part only
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

hosted

Data scheme

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

A http query request can return the data in XML format

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

via plugins

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Filemaker WebDirect
JDBC
ODBC

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

PHP

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

hash partitioning

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication, warm standby

since Version 14

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple rights management via user accounts and connection to external directory services

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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