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DBMS > 4D vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Graph Engine vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Citus vs. EXASOL vs. Graph Engine vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonEXASOL  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLHigh-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.76
Rank#139  Overall
#62  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score1.52
Rank#153  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comwww.citusdata.comwww.exasol.comwww.graphengine.iogithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.citusdata.comwww.exasol.com/­resourceswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
Developer4D, IncExasolMicrosoftWeaviate B.V.
Initial release19842010200020102019
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC.NET and CGo
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux.NET
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnoGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Java
Lua
Python
R
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsyesno
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusEXASOLGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more
Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more
Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
» more
Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCitusEXASOLGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityWeaviate
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