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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.27
Rank#112  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score97.61
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.22
Rank#302  Overall
#137  Relational DBMS
Score24.50
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#84  Overall
#7  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tables
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release19842008201420142012
Current releasev20, April 20235.0-rc1, July 20242.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihostedhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScript.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoJavaScriptno
TriggersyesyesUsing read-only observersJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache CassandraLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Table Storage
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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