DBMS > 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Lovefield vs. Postgres-XL vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BoltDB vs. Lovefield vs. Postgres-XL vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/boltdb/bolt

google.github.io/lovefield

www.postgres-xl.org

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

4D, Inc

Google

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

1984

2013

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

10 R1, October 2018

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
macOS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

JavaScript

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

MVCC

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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