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DBMS > 4D vs. Blazegraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Blazegraph vs. CockroachDB vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.37
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#217  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comblazegraph.comwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwiki.blazegraph.comwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
Developer4D, IncBlazegraphCockroach LabsOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release1984200620152005
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.5, March 201924.1.0, May 202412.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freedynamic schemaYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SPARQL is used as query languageyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
JDBCADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesnoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnonoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFThorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesMulti-source replication using RAFTMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBlazegraphCockroachDBVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
DB-Engines blog posts

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Recent citations in the news

Video: Blazegraph Accelerates Graph Computing with GPUs
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