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DBMS > 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigchainDB vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.85
Rank#208  Overall
#35  Document stores
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comwww.bigchaindb.comduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtable
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.combigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
Developer4D, IncGoogle
Initial release1984201620182015
Current releasev20, April 20230.10, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL v3Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languagePythonC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linuxserver-lesshosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factornoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDAtomic single-row operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigchainDBDuckDBGoogle Cloud Bigtable
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Using BigchainDB: A Database with Blockchain Characteristics
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27 September 2016, CoinDesk

BigchainDB Raises €3M Series A Funding
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ascribe announces scalable blockchain database BigchainDB - CoinReport
13 February 2016, CoinReport

BigchainDB: A Popular and Powerful Database for Blockchain
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