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DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Stardog vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Stardog vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#329  Overall
#146  Relational DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.combigobject.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.stardog.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.bigobject.iolearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.stardog.comwww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncBigObject, Inc.MicrosoftStardog-UnionJuxt Ltd.
Initial release19842015201420102019
Current releasev20, April 20237.3.0, May 20201.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverlimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuaJavaScriptuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javano
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptyes infovia event handlersno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesnoyes inforelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigObjectMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBStardogXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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