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DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#333  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.combigobject.iowww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.bigobject.iowww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmllearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
Developer4D, IncBigObject, Inc.Thomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release1984201520052014
Current releasev20, April 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuaJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJavaScript
TriggersyesnoyesJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigObjectH2Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
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