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DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. CouchDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. CouchDB vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedDocument storeGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#333  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combigobject.iocouchdb.apache.orgwww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.bigobject.iodocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.tigergraph.com
Developer4D, IncBigObject, Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developer8Kdata
Initial release19842015200520172016
Current releasev20, April 20233.3.3, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuaView functions in JavaScriptyes
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigObjectCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"TigerGraphToroDB
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