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DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#333  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combigobject.iowww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.bigobject.iowww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdb
Developer4D, IncBigObject, Inc.Cockroach LabsFoundationDB8Kdata
Initial release19842015201520132016
Current releasev20, April 202324.1.0, May 20246.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesdynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer only
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuanoin SQL-layer only
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication using RAFTyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoRole-based access controlnoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigObjectCockroachDBFoundationDBToroDB
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