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DBMS > 4D vs. BigObject vs. Blazegraph vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BigObject vs. Blazegraph vs. GBase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#329  Overall
#146  Relational DBMS
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combigobject.ioblazegraph.comwww.gbase.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.bigobject.iowiki.blazegraph.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
Developer4D, IncBigObject, Inc.BlazegraphGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.Microsoft
Initial release19842015200620042019
Current releasev20, April 20232.1.5, March 2019GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8ccloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, Java, Python
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSPARQL is used as query languageStandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
fluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuayesuser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnonoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)yesAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBigObjectBlazegraphGBaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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