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DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combasex.orggeode.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.basex.orggeode.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncBaseX GmbHOriginally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842007200220081998
Current releasev20, April 202310.7, August 20231.1, February 201711 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes, details hereyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query language (OQL)SQL-like query language (GQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesuser defined functionsusing Google App EnginePL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infovia eventsyes infoCache Event ListenersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication using PaxosMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writeryes, on a single nodeACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBaseXGeodeGoogle Cloud DatastoreTimesTen
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