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DBMS > 4D vs. BaseX vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. BaseX vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript
Primary database modelRelational DBMSNative XML DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.combasex.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbgoogle.github.io/­lovefield
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.basex.orgapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.md
Developer4D, IncBaseX GmbHFoundationDBGoogleGoogle
Initial release19842007201320112014
Current releasev20, April 202310.7, August 20236.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20212.1.12, February 2017
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++JavaScript
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infoXQuery supports typesno infosome layers support typingnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder pattern
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Triggersyesyes infovia eventsnonoUsing read-only observers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writerACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsnonono

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBaseXFoundationDBLevelDBLovefield
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