DBMS > 4D vs. Badger vs. CockroachDB vs. Qdrant vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Badger vs. CockroachDB vs. Qdrant vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.14
Rank	#331	Overall
	#49	Key-value stores

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.16
Rank	#175	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/dgraph-io/badger

www.cockroachlabs.com

github.com/qdrant/qdrant
qdrant.tech

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

godoc.org/github.com/dgraph-io/badger

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

qdrant.tech/documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

DGraph Labs

Cockroach Labs

Qdrant

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2017

2015

2021

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Keywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

OpenAPI 3.0

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Collection-level replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Role-based access control

Key-based authentication

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

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How to Unlock Real-Time Data Streams with CockroachDB and Amazon MSK | Amazon Web Services
6 November 2023, AWS Blog

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