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DBMS > 4D vs. Badger vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Badger vs. Citus vs. Datomic vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitewww.4d.comgithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.citusdata.comwww.datomic.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerdocs.citusdata.comdocs.datomic.comwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Developer4D, IncDGraph LabsCognitectOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release19842017201020122010
Current releasev20, April 20238.1, December 20181.0.6735, June 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APITinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Go.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infoTransaction FunctionsJava, Javascript
TriggersyesnoyesBy using transaction functionsHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionBadgerCitusDatomicOrientDB
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