DBMS > 4D vs. Axibase vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Axibase vs. H2 vs. LevelDB vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Scalable TimeSeries DBMS based on HBase with integrated rule engine and visualization

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#292	Overall
	#25	Time Series DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

axibase.com/docs/atsd/finance

www.h2database.com

github.com/google/leveldb

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Axibase Corporation

Thomas Mueller

Google

Initial release

1984

2013

2005

2011

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

15585

2.2.220, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Community Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paid

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

short, integer, long, float, double, decimal, string

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Go
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

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