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DBMS > 4D vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Dgraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAtos Standard Common Repository  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparison
This system has been discontinued and will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHighly scalable database system, designed for managing session and subscriber data in modern mobile communication networksDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Websitewww.4d.comatos.net/en/convergence-creators/portfolio/standard-common-repositorydgraph.ioduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtable
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdgraph.io/­docsduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docs
Developer4D, IncAtos Convergence CreatorsDgraph Labs, Inc.Google
Initial release19842016201620182015
Current releasev20, April 202317031.0.0, June 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lesshosted
Data schemeyesSchema and schema-less with LDAP viewsschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptionalyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92nonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
LDAPGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages with LDAP bindingsC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnononono
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infocell divisionyesnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesSynchronous replication via RaftnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACIDAtomic single-row operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsLDAP bind authenticationno infoPlanned for future releasesnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAtos Standard Common RepositoryDgraphDuckDBGoogle Cloud Bigtable
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