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DBMS > 4D vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Atos Standard Common Repository vs. Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonAtos Standard Common Repository  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
This system has been discontinued and will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemHighly scalable database system, designed for managing session and subscriber data in modern mobile communication networksHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comatos.net/en/convergence-creators/portfolio/standard-common-repositoryblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Developer4D, IncAtos Convergence CreatorsBlazegraphGoogle
Initial release19842016200620102017
Current releasev20, April 202317032.1.5, March 20198.1, December 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeyesSchema and schema-less with LDAP viewsschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesoptionalyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
LDAPJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All languages with LDAP bindings.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infocell divisionShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationyesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDAtomic execution of specific operationsACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsLDAP bind authenticationSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionAtos Standard Common RepositoryBlazegraphCitusGoogle Cloud Spanner
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