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DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. NuoDB vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. NuoDB vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comarangodb.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasetypedb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.arangodb.comdoc.nuodb.comtypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
Developer4D, IncArangoDB Inc.Dassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Vaticle
Initial release1984201220132016
Current releasev20, April 20233.11.5, November 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noyesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptJava, SQLno
Triggersyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoTemporary tableno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBNuoDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBNuoDBTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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