DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Kdb vs. Redis

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. Kdb vs. Redis

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

High performance Time Series DBMS

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.32
Rank	#90	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Website

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.arangodb.com

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

code.kx.com

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

ArangoDB Inc.

McObject

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

Initial release

1984

2012

2001

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

2009

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.11.5, November 2023

8.2, 2021

3.6, May 2018

7.2.4, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

free 32-bit version

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

Implementation language

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

with RediSearch module

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

SQL-like query language (q)

with RediSQL module

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

yes

user defined functions

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

with views

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

since version 2.0

horizontal partitioning / sharding

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

similar paradigm used for internal processing

through RedisGears

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

rights management via user accounts

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
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eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
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IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
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Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
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With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
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For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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upon request
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