DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. EsgynDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. EsgynDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Enterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache Trafodion

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	3.30
Rank	#82	Overall
	#14	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#10	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	0.15
Rank	#325	Overall
	#144	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#95	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.4d.com

arangodb.com

www.esgyn.cn

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.arangodb.com

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

rdf4j.org/documentation

Social network pages

Developer

4D, Inc

ArangoDB Inc.

Esgyn

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

1984

2012

2015

2010

2004

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.11.5, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Java

Erlang

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Java Stored Procedures

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more

Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more

Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more

Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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The Weight of Relational Databases: Time for Multi-Model?
29 August 2017, Luca Olivari (guest author)

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Recent citations in the news

ArangoDB Boosts Performance and Usability Across Search, Graph, and Analytics with Release of ArangoDB 3.11
30 May 2023, Datanami

Here's the pitch deck a German software startup used to raise $10 million to move to San Francisco and take on Oracle
23 June 2019, Business Insider

Graph, machine learning, hype, and beyond: ArangoDB open source multi-model database releases version 3.7
27 August 2020, ZDNet

ArangoDB 3.5 update improves multi-model database platform
22 August 2019, TechTarget

ArangoDB publishes industry-wide open source NoSQL performance benchmark
20 February 2018, VanillaPlus

provided by Google News

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18 March 2019, IBM

Intro to Enterprise Cloud Storage: How to Set Up a Cloudant Database
1 December 2014, Linux.com

IBM to Purchase Cloudant Database as a service (DBaaS) Provider
22 March 2014, App Developer Magazine

IBM Code Engine and IBM Cloudant: Serverless Data and Infrastructure
16 August 2021, IBM

DataStax acquires Aurelius, the startup behind the Titan graph database
3 February 2015, VentureBeat

provided by Google News

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