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DBMS > 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. ArangoDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Search engineRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#90  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comarangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchcloud.google.com/­spanner
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comdocs.arangodb.comwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
Developer4D, IncArangoDB Inc.ElasticGoogle
Initial release1984201220102017
Current releasev20, April 20233.11.5, November 20238.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoElastic Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92noSQL-like query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJavaScriptyesno
Triggersyesnoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infosince version 2.0ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication with configurable replication factoryesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptES-Hadoop Connectoryes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoStrict serializable isolation
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBElasticsearchGoogle Cloud Spanner
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionArangoDBElasticsearchGoogle Cloud Spanner
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