DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. TigerGraph vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. TigerGraph vs. Vitess

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.83
Rank	#139	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Score	0.82
Rank	#209	Overall
	#97	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

1984

2014

2017

2013

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

Linux

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C++
Java

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Role-based access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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Recent citations in the news

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
2 June 2016, AWS Blog

Bridge the SQL-NoSQL gap with Apache Phoenix
4 February 2016, InfoWorld

Apache Calcite, FreeMarker, Gora, Phoenix, and Solr updated
27 March 2017, SDTimes.com

What Is HBase? (Definition, Uses, Benefits, Features)
22 December 2022, Built In

Azure HDInsight Analytics Platform Now Supports Apache Hadoop 3.0
18 April 2019, eWeek

provided by Google News

TigerGraph Unveils CoPilot, Version 4.0, and New CEO
30 April 2024, Datanami

How TigerGraph CoPilot enables graph-augmented AI
30 April 2024, InfoWorld

TigerGraph unveils GenAI assistant, introduces new CEO
30 April 2024, TechTarget

Aerospike takes on Neo4j and TigerGraph with launch of graph database
20 June 2023, SiliconANGLE News

TigerGraph Bolsters DB for Enterprise Graph Workloads
1 November 2023, Datanami

provided by Google News

Vitess, the database clustering system powering YouTube, graduates CNCF incubation
5 November 2019, SiliconANGLE News

PlanetScale Unveils Distributed MySQL Database Service Based on Vitess
18 May 2021, Datanami

PlanetScale grabs YouTube-developed open-source tech, promises Vitess DBaaS with on-the-fly schema changes
18 May 2021, The Register

They scaled YouTube — now they’ll shard everyone with PlanetScale
13 December 2018, TechCrunch

Massively Scaling MySQL Using Vitess
19 February 2019, InfoQ.com

provided by Google News

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