DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. ObjectBox

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Phoenix vs. H2 vs. IBM Cloudant vs. ObjectBox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Lightweight, fast on-device database for IoT, Mobile and Embedded devices, persisting and synchronising objects and vectors

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Object oriented DBMS
Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.37
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.90
Rank	#125	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	7.57
Rank	#47	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	2.85
Rank	#95	Overall
	#18	Document stores

Score	1.08
Rank	#179	Overall
	#6	Object oriented DBMS
	#9	Vector DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

phoenix.apache.org

www.h2database.com

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

github.com/objectbox
objectbox.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

phoenix.apache.org

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

docs.objectbox.io

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Thomas Mueller

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

ObjectBox Limited

Initial release

1984

2014

2005

2010

2017

Current release

v20, April 2023

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

2.2.220, July 2023

4.0 (May 2024)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Bindings are released under Apache 2.0

Apache License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Erlang

C and C++

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Android
Any POSIX system
Docker
iOS
Linux
macOS
QNX
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, plus "flex" map-like types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

C
C++
Dart (Flutter)
Go
Java
Kotlin
Python
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Data sync between devices allowing occasional connected databases to work completely offline

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users can be defined per database

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

News

MongoDB Realm & Device Sync alternatives – ObjectBox
17 September 2024

Local AI – what it is and why we need it
11 September 2024

First on-device Vector Database (aka Semantic Index) for iOS
24 July 2024

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with vector databases: Expanding AI Capabilities
18 June 2024

The on-device Vector Database for Android and Java
29 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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