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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. ToroDB vs. TypeDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQLTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orggithub.com/­torodb/­servertypedb.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docstypedb.com/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc8KdataVaticleJuxt Ltd.
Initial release19842015201620162019
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20202.26.3, January 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaClojure
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VMLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_idyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)nolimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnono
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoby using Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandrayes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship featureno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users and rolesyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinToroDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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