DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. eXtremeDB vs. TimescaleDB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. eXtremeDB vs. TimescaleDB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	4.64
Rank	#71	Overall
	#4	Time Series DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

docs.timescale.com

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

McObject

Timescale

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2001

2017

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

8.2, 2021

2.15.0, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

support of XML interfaces available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Triggers

yes

by defining events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning / sharding

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more

Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more

Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more

Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more

Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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