DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Linter vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Linter vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

RDBMS for high security requirements

Widely used in-process key-value store

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#346	Overall
	#152	Relational DBMS

Score	2.21
Rank	#117	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

linter.ru

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

relex.ru

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

1990

1994

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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