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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Immudb vs. StarRocks vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Immudb vs. StarRocks vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.An open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache DorisA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.18
Rank#172  Overall
#79  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.starrocks.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncCodenotaryThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 20238Kdata
Initial release19842015202020202016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20201.2.3, April 20222.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC++, JavaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)SQL-like syntaxyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functions
Triggersyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinImmudbStarRocksToroDB
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Recent citations in the news

Overhauling Apache Kylin for the cloud
18 November 2021, InfoWorld

eBay's Kylin Becomes a Top-Level Apache Open Source Project
9 December 2015, eBay Inc.

The Apache Software Foundation Announces Apache™ Kylin™ as a Top-Level Project
8 December 2015, GlobeNewswire

Bringing interactive BI to big data – O'Reilly
1 May 2017, oreilly.com

Distributed OLAPer Kyligence accelerates core engine, adds real-time data support – Blocks and Files
10 August 2021, Blocks & Files

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