DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. TimesTen vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#352	Overall
	#33	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

greptime.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

typedb.com

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.greptime.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

typedb.com/docs

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Greptime Inc.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Vaticle

Initial release

1984

2015

2022

1998

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more

TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more

Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources

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