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DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. Milvus vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. Milvus vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonApache Kylin  Xexclude from comparisonGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemA distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stackAn open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSVector DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.47
Rank#110  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score1.25
Rank#170  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score0.12
Rank#351  Overall
#34  Time Series DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comkylin.apache.orggreptime.commilvus.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comkylin.apache.org/­docsdocs.greptime.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay IncGreptime Inc.8Kdata
Initial release19842015202220192016
Current releasev20, April 20233.1.0, July 20202.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaRustC++, GoJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
LinuxAndroid
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free, schema definition possibleschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)yesno
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPythonno
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsSimple rights management via user accountsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinGreptimeDBMilvusToroDB
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more
Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionApache KylinGreptimeDBMilvusToroDB
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