DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. GreptimeDB vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Well established RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.25
Rank	#170	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#351	Overall
	#34	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

kylin.apache.org

greptime.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

docs.greptime.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Greptime Inc.

Actian Corporation

Initial release

1984

2015

2022

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Python

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Ingres Replicator

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Simple rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more

Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

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Recent citations in the news

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24 September 2021, Integration Developers

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