DBMS > 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Geode vs. SQL.JS vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Apache Kylin vs. Geode vs. SQL.JS vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Port of SQLite to JavaScript

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#131	Overall
	#23	Key-value stores

Score	0.53
Rank	#252	Overall
	#116	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

kylin.apache.org/docs

geode.apache.org/docs

sql.js.org/documentation/index.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Alon Zakai

enhancements implemented by others

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2015

2002

2012

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.1.0, July 2020

1.1, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

except by serializing a db to a file

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights per client and object definable

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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